ANCIENT WISDOM
REISHI
(Ganoderma lingzhi)
Wide ranging health benefits are due to its combination of highly active immune-modulating polysaccharides and over 130 triterpenoid compounds, which are anti-inflammatory, anti-histamine, sedative, anti-hypertensive and anti-cancer.
It has been used for centuries to treat a range of health conditions such as cancer, heart disease and bronchitis. Beauty sleep is important and Reishi is perfect for this due to its sedative properties.
Reishi has now found its way firmly into modern wellness and biohacking culture.
LEGEND & FOLKLORE
Reishi has long been associated with the Taoist quest for immortality - revered by emporers and Sages alike. Steeped in legend, this sacred fungus has been linked to alchemy and divine realms, its mythical status far exceeding that of a mere medicinal mushroom. It is no surprise therefore that it is nicknamed 'The Mushroom of Immortality' or '10,000 year mushroom' (Mannentake).
In oriental culture it is historically (via Daoist sages) linked with good fortune, health, wisdom and happiness and even god-like powers, being the bridge between Earth and Heaven.
Japanese samurai warriors were known to consume it before battle for endurance, resilience and strength beyond mortal limits.
SCIENCE INFORMATION REVIEW
REISHI
(Ganoderma lingzhi)
Welcome to the Fung Shui Reishi scientific research page which connects you to our ever evolving library of research and peer-reviewed papers. Below we review how Reishi supports various aspects of health.
Where a reference is provided, you can find the corresponding number in the research references towards the bottom of the page in the 'peer reviewed papers and articles' section.
More human trials are needed to further this field of research to more fully understand its efficacy.
SLEEP ENHANCEMENT
Reishi mushrooms have been traditionally used to promote relaxation and improve sleep quality. Modern research supports these claims, suggesting several mechanisms by which reishi may enhance sleep:
• Sedative and Hypnotic Effects: Reishi contains triterpenoid compounds that exhibit sedative properties, potentially aiding in the initiation and maintenance of sleep. [8] A study identified 34 sedative-hypnotic components in reishi, which may contribute to its sleep-enhancing effects. [2]
• Interaction with the GABA Pathway: Reishi has been shown to interact with the GABAergic system, which plays a crucial role in promoting relaxation and sleep. By influencing this pathway, reishi may help reduce sleep latency and improve sleep quality. [4]
• Stress and Anxiety Reduction: As an adaptogen, reishi helps the body manage stress, which is a common cause of sleep disturbances. By modulating the body’s stress response, reishi may promote relaxation and facilitate better sleep. [6]
• Anti-Inflammatory Effects: Chronic inflammation can disrupt sleep. Reishi’s anti-inflammatory properties may help alleviate inflammation-related sleep issues, promoting more restful sleep. [6]
ALLERGIES/AUTO-IMMUNE CONDITIONS
Reishi mushrooms are renowned for their immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects meaning it's particularly useful for auto-immune conditions, such as psoriasis, ulcerative colitis and rheumatoid arthritis.
Bioactive compounds, particularly polysaccharides and triterpenoids, have been shown to enhance the activity of white blood cells, thereby bolstering the body’s defense mechanisms. Studies have indicated that reishi can modulate both innate and adaptive immune responses, potentially benefiting individuals with compromised immune systems. [1]
Strong anti-histamine activity and an ability to manage the body's overreaction to pollen or other allergens, it give it unique benefits for sufferers of allergies such as hayfever (allergic rhinitis). [9]
POTENTIAL ANTI-CANCER EFFECTS
Research suggests that reishi mushrooms have a long history of use in cancer treatment. [10] Compounds (polysaccharides and triterpenes) within the mushroom have demonstrated the ability to inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells and enhance the efficacy of conventional treatments. For instance, studies have shown that the triterpenes in reishi extracts can induce apoptosis (programmed cell death) in various cancer cell lines, including breast, prostate, and colorectal cancers.
In the case of prostate cancer cells, it has been shown to block androgen receptors. [11] However, more rigorous clinical trials are needed to confirm these effects in humans. [3]
MENOPAUSE SUPPORT
Reishi is understood to support the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (HPA) axis, potentially aiding in the regulation of estrogen production. This support might enhance the sensitivity of estrogen receptors, optimizing the hormone’s efficacy even as its levels decline during menopause. Such modulation could alleviate common menopausal symptoms, including hot flashes and mood fluctuations. 
Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Properties
The triterpenoids and polysaccharides in Reishi exhibit significant anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. These properties can mitigate chronic inflammation and oxidative stress, both of which are linked to menopausal discomforts.
Mood and Sleep Enhancement
Menopause often affects mood and sleep quality. Reishi’s adaptogenic qualities may help reduce stress, anxiety, and depression, promoting emotional stability. Additionally, its calming effects could improve sleep patterns, addressing insomnia commonly experienced during menopause.
Immune System Support
Reishi is renowned for its immunomodulatory capabilities, which can be particularly beneficial during menopause when immune function may fluctuate.
[14][15]
ANTIOXIDANT & ANTI-INFLAMMATORY PROPERTIES
The antioxidant properties of reishi mushrooms help combat oxidative stress, which is linked to chronic diseases and aging. Additionally, their anti-inflammatory effects can mitigate inflammation-related conditions. Research has demonstrated that reishi exhibits strong antioxidant activities, scavenging free radicals and reducing lipid peroxidation. These effects are primarily attributed to its polysaccharides and triterpenes. [2]
BLOOD SUGAR REGULATION (DIABETES)
Some studies indicate that reishi mushrooms might aid in blood sugar control, which is beneficial for individuals with diabetes or those at risk. The polysaccharides in reishi have been observed to lower blood glucose levels in animal models by enhancing insulin sensitivity and modulating glucose metabolism. However, human studies are limited, and more research is needed to confirm these effects. [2]
CARDIOVASCULAR & RESPIRATORY HEALTH
Reishi mushrooms may contribute to heart health by supporting/correcting cholesterol levels and blood pressure. Some studies have reported reductions in “bad” LDL cholesterol and triglycerides, along with modest improvements in blood pressure. [5]
One randomized, double-blind, multi-centred study using a polysaccharide extract showed improvements in ECG, palpitations/shortness of breath and chest pain.[12]
Reishi has long been used to treat Bronchitis, allergic asthma and altitude sickness. [13]
LIVER PROTECTION
The hepatoprotective effects of reishi mushrooms have been explored in various studies. They are said to help protect the liver from damage caused by toxicity and support its overall function. They inhibit liver fibrosis, normalise liver enzymes and reduce inflammation. Animal studies have demonstrated that reishi extracts can reduce liver enzyme levels and histopathological changes induced by toxic agents, suggesting a protective effect. [6]
ANTIMICROBIAL BENEFITS - INFECTIONS
Reishi mushrooms exhibit antimicrobial properties against a range of pathogens, including bacteria and viruses. This suggests potential applications in preventing or managing infections. In vitro studies have shown that reishi extracts possess antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, as well as antiviral effects against herpes simplex virus. Further research is warranted to fully understand the clinical relevance of these findings. [2]
MENTAL WELLBEING & FATIGUE REDUCTION
Some studies have explored the effects of reishi mushrooms on mental health, noting reductions in fatigue and improvements in well-being among certain populations. For example, a study on individuals with neurasthenia reported decreased fatigue and enhanced well-being after reishi supplementation. Another study found that breast cancer patients experienced reduced fatigue and improved quality of life following reishi intake. [4]
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